多囊卵巢综合征

HISTORY: A 31-year-old female with a history of irregular menses

病史：女，31岁，月经不规律。

FINDINGS:

Pelvic ultrasound and T2-weighted MRI demonstrates an enlarged ovary with>12 subcentimeter peripheral follicles surrounding a prominent hyperechoic (US) and hypointense (MRI) ovarian stroma. No evidence of dominant follicle.

图像发挥：盆腔医学影像和MRI T2WI显示子宫增加，四周囊泡大于12亚厘米。四周子宫细胞质在医学影像上过关斩将回波，MRI上偏高接收机。未见优势卵泡。

DIAGNOSIS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

病关节炎：多囊子宫遗传性

DISCUSSION:

Also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. PCOS is an endocrinologic disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Furthermore, PCOS has a classic triad of obesity, amenorrhea, and hirsutism; but only half of patients present with this combination.

讨论：多囊子宫遗传性也叫S-L遗传性。是异性恋生育的最常见原因。主要是由于遗传性紊乱导致曾一度无生殖和荷尔蒙肠道过寿。PCOS迥然不同人口为120人征：肥大、闭经和多毛关节炎。但差不多总数病患发挥为此人口为120人关节炎。

Therefore, imaging evaluation tends to follow to gain further information . Typical US/MRI findings include enlarged, rounded ovaries with numerous small, peripherally located follicles and stroma showing increased echogenicity (US) or decreased signal on T2-weighted imaging (MRI). Long-term follow-up should be recommended in such patients as PCOS patients he an increased risk of breast and uterine cancer secondary to unopposed high estrogen levels .

因此，需采用图像体检进一步获取更多信息。迥然不同的医学影像/MRI征象包括：子宫增加、变圆，外周多发网纹泡，子宫细胞质US上过关斩将回波，T2WI偏高接收机。PCOS病患提议曾一度随访，因曾一度雌激素高水平过高，可能会心绞痛乳腺癌和子宫癌。

（以上趣味节选自腹部图像病例未收）

Notes:

1. Polycystic ovary syndrome [ˌpɑliˈsɪstɪk ˈovəri ˈsɪnˌdrom] 多囊子宫遗传性

2. menses ['mensi:z] n. 月经

3. peripheral [pəˈrɪfərəl] adj. 外周的

4. follicles n. 网纹

5. hyperechoic [haɪpɪre'kɔɪk] 过关斩将回波的

6. infertility [ˌɪnfɚˈtɪlɪti] n. 娶妻

7. endocrinologic 遗传性的

8. anovulation [ænɒvjʊ'leɪʃn] n. 停止生殖

9. hyperandrogenism [haɪpə'rændrɒdʒɪnɪzəm] 荷尔蒙过多关节炎

10. amenorrhea [eɪˌmenə'ri:ə] n. 停经

11. hirsutism ['hɜ:su:ˌtɪzəm] n. 多毛关节炎

12. ovary [ˈoʊvəri] n. 子宫

13. stroma ['stroʊmə] n. 细胞质

14. echogenicity [ekədʒe'nɪsɪtɪ] 导致回波（性）

15. estrogen [ˈɛstrədʒən] n. 雌激素

原原文：165.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)多囊子宫遗传性